A Proppian Structural Analysis of the Folktale ‘Kungawrhi’

Abstract

This article examines the indigenous Mizo folktale ‘Kungawrhi’ through the lens of Vladimir Propp’s structuralist framework as outlined in his book Morphology of the Folktale. It explores how the deep structural patterns connect to universal traditions of storytelling. By mapping the tale’s sequential functions, the analysis reveals a complex three-move structure where the narrative systematically escalates through distinct threats, such as, a supernatural beast (Keimi), subterranean spirits (Khuavang), and ultimately, human betrayal. The paper also highlights fluid actantial shifts, notably the hero’s evolution from an active Seeker-Hero to a Victim-Hero. Even though the narrative omits several of Propp’s thirty-one functions, it maintains strict sequential integrity throughout its progression. The study concludes that the tale of Kungawrhi adheres strictly to Proppian syntax while embedding unique Mizo cosmovisions, proving that structural universality and cultural specificity coexist seamlessly within indigenous oral literature.